Half Title; Title Page; copyright; Contents; List of Figures; List of Tables; Acknowledgments; Nomenclature; 1 Introduction; 2 Coal Combustion Technologies; 2.1 Coal demand and coal reserves worldwide; 2.2 Coal utilisation processes; 2.3 Clean coal technologies; 2.3.1 Particulate control; 2.3.2 SO2 control; 2.3.3 NOx control; 2.3.4 Energy efficiency; 2.4 Carbon capture and storage technologies; 2.5 Summary of Chapter 2; Part I: Theoretical Aspects; 3 Theoretical Aspects of Burning Pulverised Fuel in CO2 Atmosphere; 3.1 Differences between air and oxyfuel combustion.
3.2 Coal devolatilisation and particle ignition3.2.1 Devolatilisation mechanisms and features; 3.2.2 Coal particles ignition; 3.2.3 Effects of CO2 on coal devolatilisation and on particle ignition; 3.3 Heterogeneous reactions; 3.3.1 Factors influencing the reactivity of coal char; 3.3.2 Factors influencing the char reaction rates; 3.3.3 Char reaction rates in CO2/O2 atmosphere; 3.4 Combustion of volatiles in CO2/O2 atmosphere; 3.5 Emissions from combustion of pulverised coal in CO2/O2 atmosphere; 3.5.1 NOx; 3.5.2 SOx; 3.5.3 Ash composition; 3.6 Heat transfer in RFG/O2 atmosphere.
3.6.1 Radiative properties of CO2 and water vapour3.6.2 Dry and wet recycle and the effect on the radiative heat transfer; 3.6.3 Dry and wet recycle and the effect on the convective heat transfer; 3.7 Summary of Chapter 3; 4 Mathematical Modelling and Model Validations; 4.1 Turbulent combustion modelling; 4.1.1 Diffusive fluxes; 4.1.2 Mean reaction rate; 4.2 Coal particle modelling; 4.2.1 Devolatilisation models; 4.2.2 Char burnout models; 4.3 Modelling of thermal radiation; 4.3.1 Radiative properties of walls; 4.3.2 Modelling of gas emissivity; 4.4 Summary of Chapter 4; Part II: Experiments.
5 Gaseous Combustion in CO2/O2 Atmosphere5.1 Test facility for flameless gas combustion; 5.1.1 Experimental setup; 5.1.2 Oxyfuel tests; 5.2 Experimental results; 5.3 Numerical results; 5.4 Summary of Chapter 5; 6 Coal Combustion in CO2/O2 Atmosphere; 6.1 Oxycoal pilot-scale furnace; 6.2 Burner design and flame stability; 6.2.1 Development and tests of oxycoal swirl burners; 6.2.2 Measures for oxycoal swirl flame stabilisation; 6.3 Oxycoal swirl flame properties; 6.3.1 Measurement techniques; 6.3.2 Operating conditions; 6.3.3 Detailed in-flame measurements.
6.3.4 Summary of the experimental results6.3.5 Validation of the numerical model; 6.4 Burner scale-up; 6.4.1 Burner aerodynamics; 6.5 Summary of Chapter 6; 7 NOx Emissions During Oxycoal Combustion; 7.1 Test conditions; 7.2 Influence of the excess oxygen ratio at the burner; 7.3 Influence of oxidiser O2 concentration on NOx emissions; 7.3.1 Influence of oxidiser O2 concentration in the primary stream; 7.3.2 Influence of oxidiser O2 concentration in the secondary stream; 7.4 Influence of primary stream momentum on NOx emissions; 7.5 Influence of the burner inlet temperature on NOx emissions.
