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Observa cómo los artistas se enfrentaron a la peste a través de nuevas e innovadoras formas de expresión. Entre ellas, la creación de las transi tumbas, que tenían efigies escultóricas gráficas de los muertos, así como los notables murales grabados en madera y pinturas de la tradición memento mori, que buscaban recordar a los espectadores su condición de mortales.
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Years That Changed History 1215 volume 23
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English
Description
Mongol culture affected huge swaths of the world, including Japan. After reflecting on the feudal structure of Japan in the 13th century, Professor Armstrong traces the rise of the shoguns, which is rooted in the 1185 conflict between the Taira and Minamoto clans. Examine the history of shoguns, the samurai, and more.
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Years That Changed History 1215 volume 17
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English
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The rise of Genghis Khan is an amazing, unbelievable story. How did a low-ranking man from the Mongolian steppes rise up to be one of the greatest military leaders the world has ever seen? In this episode, Professor Armstrong surveys the dazzling rise of Genghis Khan, outlines his military strategy, and surveys his conquests across Asia.
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El pueblo de Walsham ofrece una vívida visión de cómo la peste alteró la sociedad inglesa. Comprende el sistema señorial, en el que los campesinos vivían bajo las órdenes de un propietario local. Descubre cómo la mortandad de la peste alteró drásticamente el equilibrio de poder entre los trabajadores y los propietarios, transformando las oportunidades económicas de los campesinos.
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Years That Changed History 1215 volume 15
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English
Description
Catharism is a version of Christianity even more revolutionary than the mendicant orders you studied in the last episode. In fact, Catharism was so radical that some people argued its belief system was not Christianity at all. See why, in the early 13th century, the pope turned his attention away from the Crusades abroad to root out Catharism at home.
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Years That Changed History 1215 volume 18
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English
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By the early 13th century, Genghis Khan had defeated all of his immediate rivals and brought a number of regional tribes under his banner, including the Huns, Turks, and Tatars. His crowning achievement was his success at the Battle of Beijing, when he consolidated his control of China. As you'll discover, the battle was decidedly one-sided from the start.
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Sé testigo del terrible impacto de la peste en Marsella y descubre cómo los ciudadanos respondieron con una solidaridad inusual. Estudia los estragos y las medidas drásticas adoptadas en Burdeos, y cómo las noticias de los brotes desencadenaron una violenta acusación contra los judíos. Comprende el monumental número de muertos en París, cuyo público traumatizado reaccionó con un hedonismo desenfrenado, con resignación y con una indiferencia...
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Years That Changed History 1215 volume 6
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English
Description
Delve into the canons that were decreed at the Fourth Lateran Council. Find out what Church leaders were trying to accomplish, or what crises they were attempting to address. From heresies to marriage to the nature of the priesthood, the Fourth Lateran Council took on issues that affected nearly everyone in Europe.
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Years That Changed History 1215 volume 22
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English
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In the 13th century, the Islamic world was experiencing a golden age of art, science, education, and more. From Baghdad's House of Wisdom to figures such as Avicenna, Averroës, Saladin, and more, take a tour of this grand world. Learn about the foundations of modern medicine and mathematics.
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Years That Changed History 1215 volume 20
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English
Description
To tackle the subject of what the world was like in general for women in 1215, Professor Armstrong returns to medieval Europe, which was home to many powerful and well-educated women. Explore the lives of three exemplary women of the time: Hildegard of Bingen, Héloïse, and Eleanor of Aquitaine.
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Years That Changed History 1215 volume 21
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English
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Religious tracts and guides provide a crucial window into 13th-century spirituality and behavior. Beyond religion, however, the Norse and Icelandic sagas offer great insight into the myths, events, and stories of a pagan, pre-Christian past, while the Arthurian legend grew in popularity throughout the medieval world. Review this amazing (and sometimes amazingly weird) literature.
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Investiga cómo la peste supuso inicialmente una pérdida masiva de mano de obra, de personal administrativo y de la base impositiva, así como una profunda disrupción de la agricultura. Comprende el proceso a través del cual se transformaron las oportunidades económicas de las clases bajas y mercantiles, incluidas las mujeres, y cómo los que sobrevivieron fueron, en la mayoría de los casos, mucho más ricos que antes.
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Explora la comprensión médica de la peste, tal y como se observa en la plaga de Justiniano del siglo VI, la peste negra del siglo XIII y la tercera pandemia del siglo XIX. Examina las tres variantes principales de la peste, la sintomatología de cada una y las teorías científicas sobre la naturaleza y la transmisión de la enfermedad que asoló Europa en el siglo XIV.
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Comienza a contemplar la enormidad del impacto de la peste negra en el mundo medieval. Como contexto para los terribles acontecimientos que se avecinan, analiza el estado de la sociedad medieval en vísperas de la peste. En particular, investiga las estructuras religiosas, económicas y políticas de la Europa de mediados del siglo XIV.
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Years That Changed History 1215 volume 16
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English
Description
Too often, western history books portray the Mongols as bloodthirsty murderers and destroyers hellbent on destroying civilization, but the true story of Mongol society is much different. As Marco Polo relayed after a visit to Kublai Khan, the Mongols did much to stabilize the societies they conquered. Explore the dual identity of the Mongols.
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Para concluir, reflexiona sobre cómo el mundo económico, social y político de Europa se reinventó para adaptarse a los profundos cambios provocados por la peste. Por último, a través de ejemplos que van desde la viruela medieval hasta la reciente aparición del ébola, considera cómo las enfermedades y las pandemias han moldeado las sociedades humanas y el comportamiento individual a lo largo de la historia, y cómo siguen haciéndolo en la...
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La peste negra llegó a los países escandinavos en diferentes momentos y por diferentes rutas. Observa la llegada de la peste en barco a Noruega, su desplazamiento a Suecia y Dinamarca, y cómo las costumbres sociales escandinavas agravaron sus consecuencias. Conoce también el folklore y los mitos particulares que surgieron en Escandinavia como respuesta a la peste.
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Como sede del papado en el siglo XIV, Aviñón representa un caso excepcional. Conoce el opulento estilo de vida de la corte papal bajo el mandato del Papa Clemente VI, y la gran variedad y complejidad de las respuestas de Aviñón ante la peste negra, tanto religiosas como científicas. Sorpréndete ante la increíble resiliencia de la población.
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Years That Changed History 1215 volume 1
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English
Description
Begin your survey of this amazing year with some context. Europe in the 13th century was experiencing a period of climate warming, which led to a population boom as well as the expansion of urban centers and the growth of cities. Meanwhile, in Asia, the Mongols were finding their ages-old way of life threatened by these same changes.
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Years That Changed History 1215 volume 8
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English
Description
Shift your attention from Europe to the Americas, where a number of civilizations were thriving in 1215. Although no single episode could do justice to all of these civilizations, Professor Armstrong spotlights the Pueblo people, the Incas, and the Maya, providing a solid foundation for what was happening on the American continents at the time.
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